Cantabria isn’t just famous for its green landscapes and stunning coastline. This corner of the country harbours a fascinating underground world that will transport you to another era. The caves of Cantabria are a testament to the passage of time, with stalactites and stalagmites that tell stories thousands of years old. If you’re looking for a different kind of adventure, immersing yourself in the depths of these caverns will be an unforgettable experience.
History of the caves in Cantabria
The history of the caves in Cantabria dates back thousands of years, with the first prehistoric inhabitants leaving their mark on the rocky walls. Caves like Altamira, famous for its cave paintings, are a testament to the ingenuity and creativity of our ancestors. Discovered in 1868, the paintings of Altamira are considered a masterpiece of Paleolithic art, with depictions of bison, deer, and other animals that were vital for survival at the time.
But Altamira isn’t the only one. Cantabria is dotted with caves that have served as shelters, places of worship, and homes for many generations. The Cueva del Castillo, for example, contains some of the oldest paintings in the world, dating back more than 40,000 years. These places not only offer a glimpse into the past but also connect us with the lives of the first humans in the region.
Main caves to visit
Cantabria has numerous caves worth visiting, each with its own unique charm and characteristics. Here are some of the most notable:
Cueva de Altamira
Known as the “Sistine Chapel of Cave Art,” Altamira cave is a World Heritage Site and offers an exact replica of the original paintings to protect the fragile prehistoric artwork.
Cueva de El Soplao
Famous for its impressive formations of stalactites and stalagmites, El Soplao cave also houses rare and fascinating minerals. It’s an ideal place for geology enthusiasts.
Cueva del Castillo
As mentioned earlier, El Castillo cave is a treasure trove of cave art. The negative handprints and animal figures offer us a unique insight into prehistoric life.
Cueva de Hornos de la Peña
Less known but equally impressive, Hornos de la Peña cave features Paleolithic engravings that are worth discovering for the more adventurous.
Cueva de Las Monedas
Named after the discovery of 16th-century coins (monedas), this cave offers a breathtaking view of its natural formations.
Geology and Unique Formations
The caves of Cantabria are a geological paradise. The combination of climatic conditions and the presence of limestone has allowed the formation of spectacular structures over millennia. Stalactites and stalagmites are the most common, formed by the precipitation of minerals dissolved in water that drips slowly.
El Soplao, in particular, is famous for its “eccentrics,” formations that defy gravity and grow in unexpected directions. These formations are created due to variations in humidity conditions and the mineral composition of the water. Additionally, caves like Altamira and El Castillo are also known for their formations of columns, curtains, and other impressive structures that seem straight out of a fairy tale.
Tours and Guided Visits
Exploring the caves of Cantabria is an experience that can be enjoyed with family, friends, or even solo. Most caves offer guided tours that enrich the experience with information about the history, geology, and curiosities of each cave.
In Altamira, visits to the replica of the original cave are guided and designed to protect the paintings while providing an educational experience. In El Soplao, you can opt for a standard visit or an adventure visit, where you are equipped with a helmet and flashlight to explore less accessible corners. The Cueva del Castillo also offers guided tours that highlight the artistic techniques of early humans and the meaning of the paintings.
Tips for exploring the caves of Cantabria
Exploring caves can be an exciting activity, but it also requires certain precautions to ensure your safety and the preservation of these fragile environments. Here are some helpful tips:
- Wear appropriate clothing: Caves are usually cool and damp, so bring a light jacket and non-slip shoes.
- Follow the guide’s instructions: Always respect the guides’ instructions and do not touch the formations or paintings. The preservation of these wonders depends on all of us.
- Proper equipment: If you opt for an adventure visit, make sure to bring a helmet and flashlight, and follow the safety recommendations.
- Book in advance: Some caves, like Altamira, have limited capacity to protect the artwork. Book your visit in advance to secure a spot.
- Bring water and snacks: Some visits can be long, so bring water and some snacks to stay hydrated and energised.
Visit the caves of Cantabria
The caves of Cantabria are not only a journey into the past but also an opportunity to marvel at the natural forces that have shaped our planet for millennia. Whether you’re interested in history, geology, or simply looking for a different kind of adventure, these caverns will offer you a unique and unforgettable experience.
Don’t miss the opportunity to explore this fascinating underground world. Visit Cantabria, discover its caves, and let yourself be carried away by the magic of its formations and the history they hold. Get ready for an adventure that will leave you breathless and wanting more!
